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The actual feasibility of such an attack is questionable, and the idea of a naval invasion of the U.S. On the opposite side of the Atlantic, the Imperial German Navy maintained a battle plan to engage the United States Atlantic Fleet off Norfolk, Virginia, followed by shore bombardment of eastern cities. Similar plans existed for a 20th-century war with Mexico, although the ability of the Mexican Army to attack and occupy American soil was considered negligible, as demonstrated by the Mexican reluctance to accept the provisions of the Zimmermann Telegram. " War Plan Red" was specifically designed to deal with a British attack on the United States and a subsequent invasion of Canada. To that end, military strategy was developed to not only forestall a British attack, but also attack and occupy Canada. Until the year 1935, the greatest potential threat to attack the United States was seen as the British Empire. After the Civil War, the threat of an invasion from a foreign power was small, and it was not until the 20th century that any real military strategy was developed to address the possibility of an attack on America.Īlthough not by a foreign nation, on March 9, 1916, Mexican revolutionary Pancho Villa and his Villistas invaded Columbus, New Mexico in the Border War’s Battle of Columbus, triggering the Pancho Villa Expedition in response, led by Major General John J. The American Civil War may be seen as an invasion of home territory to some extent, with both the Confederate and Union armies each making forays into the other side's home territory.

Following American independence, the next occurrence of an attack on American soil was during the War of 1812, also with Britain, and also the first and only time since the end of the Revolutionary War in which a foreign power occupied the American capital (the then capital city of Philadelphia was also occupied by the British during the Revolution). soil, the British Army during the American Revolutionary War. The military history of the United States began with a foreign power on U.S.